52. How to erect scaffolding?
1. It should be erected on levels firm ground
2. It erected by trained/ skilled person
3. It is constructed using metal pipes and wooden boards
4. It should be design and constructed from good and sound material
5. Not to be erected on loose earth
6. Clamps should fixed
7. Properly bracing 8. Sole plate is necessary the base of vertical pipe
53. Safety precaution of scaffold?
1. Wooden board not be painted
2. Wooden board should not to any cracks
3. Check for rust in pipes / clamps
4. Clamps should fixed and good quality
5. Boards thickness should be 3.4 cms and no bending 6. The construction must
be rigid, properly based
7. Use of good and sound materials
8. The wooden bellies has not joints
9. Vertical poles should not be more than 6 feet
10.Chains, ropes used for the suspension of scaffoldings
11. Never throw any materials from height
12. Use safety harness while working at above 6 feet 13.Properly ties to be arrangement
54 What control measures area necessary in confined space?
1. Enter with air line BA sets
2. Use 24v flame proof hand lamps
3. A hole watch to be kept near man hole
4. Keep fire fighting equipment ready
5. Gas test to be done to check for oxygen level
6. Provide blowers
7. Don’t smoke in confined space
8. Use ropes and harness
9. The spaces clean before entry
10.Use non sparking tools it there is any risk of flammable vapors being present.
55. Safety rules when using ladders?
1. The foot wear is not greasy, oily and muddy and has a good grip on the rungs.
2. When climbing or coming down a ladder should be face the ladder side and had on with both hand.
3. Carry light tools in pockets in a shoulder b bag
4. Hold on with at least new hand if use of both hands then, use safety belt
5. Never climb higher than the third rung from the top on straight or second tired from the top on extension ladder.
6. Step ladder must be fully open and the divider locked
7. Metal ladder shall not be used near electrical
equipments.
8. Metal ladder shall not be place on firm footing and at angle of 75
9. Any ladder found defect in any way should be marked do not use
10. Ladder shall not be placed on a box or drum.
11. Rubber protection on head and heel of a ladder is necessary.
56. Safety rules insuring oxygen cylinders?
1. Oxygen cylinders should not be kept near combustible materials.
2. Oxygen cylinders should not be handled with grassy hands or gloves.
3. Oxygen cylinders and their fittings should not be tested with oil based soap solution.
4. Oxygen cylinders and other combustible gas cylinders should not be stored together.
5. The top cover of the cylinder should be kept in position and screwed safety when not in use.
6. Cylinders should not be used as rollers for moving materials
7. Oxygen must not be use for ventilating confined spaces.
57. Safety rules in using compressed air?
1. Only authorized persons should used compressed air.
2. The body or clothes should not be cleaned with compressed air.
3. Compressed air hose pipes should not be placed across passage ways
4. Leakage of compressed air should
not be tested with hands.
5. While working with tools run by compressed air
safety shoes are to be used.
6. The tools should not be kept on position when not in use.
58. Handling of compressed gas cylinders?
1. They are not to be dragged or dropped
2. They should be stored in dry and well ventilated places
3. Chins and slings should not be used for lifting
cylinders.
4. the caps of the cylinders should not be removed when they are not the use.
5. Cylinders should not be stored near hot sources
6. Acetylene cylinders should not be stored horizontally
7. Empty cylinders and fully cylinders should be stored separately
8. Leakage cylinders removed to open space and release the gas without getting ignited.
59. Storage of gas cylinders?
1. Cylinders should stored in a safe, dry and well ventilated store
2. Oxygen cylinders should be stored horizontally and acetylene cylinders shall be stored vertically.
3. The standing cylinders should be secured properly avoid falling.
4. Flammable gas shall be stored at least 50 feet away from another building
5. Oxygen cylinder shall never be stored necessary flammable gas cylinder
6. Empty cylinder shall be identified by marking with a chalk (MT) and checked for damage before returning to suppliers.
7. Cylinders should not be kept as supports.
60. Give a brief note about crane and LE?
1. Only authorized and competent person should operated cranes
2. The correct sling must be used for the load to be lifts 3. Lifting equipment must be certified from competent authority and mark with its SWL
4. Never be used for loads excess of its SWL
5. Cables and slings must be padded when passing
over sharp edges of equipments
6. Check the condition of the ground before parking the crane and use out riggers
7. All moving parts must be guarded
8.Uncertified chains, ropes, slings and hooks should not be use
9. All slings to be inspected by third party inspectors
10. Never stand or work undera suspended load
11. Place the out riggers on firms ground
12. Guide ropes shall be used to control swing of lifted material
13. Never operate the crane at the time of speed wing
14. Lifting over live equipment should not be encouraged
15. The crane should under go periodical maintenance as per manufactures
61 Give brief note about fork lift truck?
1. Check breaks, lift tilt and tires.
2. Check the stability of load before moving it
3. Never leave your fork lift truck un-attend with motor running
4. Never park forklift truck on passage way
5. Never drive with wet or greasy hands
6. Always drive with a safe speed and slow down at turning point
7. When driving without load forks about 6 inches above the floor or ground
8. Never operate trunk in gaseous area
9. Never carry a load so high that you can not head, If necessary operate truck in reverse
10. Avoid carrying lose materials on forks
11. Never allow one to go under elevated loads
12. Warn other employees to stand clear when staking or removing materials
13. Exhaust pipe should have flame arrestor
14. Fork should be lowered to the floor when the truck is unattended
15. Stay alert t all times
62 Give a brief about grinding?
1. Proper wheel shall be used a per the grinding M/c’s specification
2. All the grinding M/c’s shall be used with wheel guard
3. Grinding cables shall not mingle with welding cables 4. All the cables shall be protected from damage
5. Provide face shield with safety helmet
6. Never use fracture wheel
7. Excessive tightening of maintaining is dangerous
8. All guards should be in position before the machine operated
9. The speed of the grinding should match in the speeds of the grinding machines
10. Only skill person should be handle this work
11. Testing of wheel is necessary
63 Describe about vehicles and plants?
1. All vehicles requiring security vehicles pass
2. All drivers should have valid driving licence
3. Drivers should not use fork lift trucks for carrying
passengers
4. All traffic regulations and speed limit should be strictly followed in side the plant area
5. All vehicles area in a road worthy condition
6. Vehicles park in the operation area must always unlocked with in ignition key in position
64 Precaution of excavation?
1. Excavation area should be suitable barricade
2. Put sign boards lights and flags
3. Avoid heavy vehicle coming near the sides
4. PPE like helmet, safety shoes should be used
5. Keep the excavated soil at least 5 feet distance
6. Excavated sides should be sloped bake to a safe angle
7. Hand excavation should be done at the present of UG pipes or cables place
8. Cutting shall be done from top to bottom
9. All narrow trenches 4 feet or more deep shall be supplied at least one ladder
10. While excavating on the slope on the slope whose height is over 10 feet men should use safety belts
65 What are advantages of JSA? ( Job safety Analysis)
1. It helps to identify hazards and prevent accident
2. It helps to establish safe work method, working conditions and suitable plant safety rules
3. It helps to asses the safety training four heading can be used for JSA.
4. It helps to inspection the plant a) Name of operation for JSA b) Description of the operation c) Hazards d) Precautions
66 What is tool box talk?
1. Job related safety aspects
2. Job related hazards/ risk
3. Control/ preventive measure
4. Adequacy of PPE’s / condition
5. Following safety rules /procedures
6. Safe work procedures/methods
67 Describe different types of hazards?
1. Mechanical hazards – in adequately guarded machines parts
2. Chemical hazards of toxemic gasses, vapours, fumes, smoke in dust.
3. Electrical hazards: in adequately insulated line wires
4. Fire hazards – chemical reaction, electrical Ares
5. Radiation hazards – dazzing light in fraved rays ultra violet rays
6. Pollution – water pollution & noise pollution
68 What is inspection?
1. Inspection means to fin out hazards according to checklist prepared with reference to the department operations by the people who are familiar with the plant.
69 Plant safety inspection by whom?
Safety officer By line management personal By senior management personnel First line supervisor By maintenance engineers By workers By safety committee By statutory authorites
70 How many types inspection?
There are 5 types inspection; pressures of boilers
(supervisor)
1. Continuous inspection- select employees/operator
2. Periodical Inspection material storage, fire fighting equipments, handling equipments
3. Intermittent inspection – un announced inspection done by safety officer, safety committee. (Particular work spot)
4. Statutory inspection – storage area, location at height ( cranes, ropes, chains, it my tackles inspection)
5. Special inspection – accident investigation Inspection of new building, general lighting, use of PPE’s etc. construction work.
71 What is safety management?
Safety management is an act and science of setting safety objectives of the industrial company.
72 What is accident investigation?
Accident investigation means to carried out immediately the occurrence of accident to find out real facts to avoid the future accident.
73 What is accident statistics?
It means to maintenance of accident details
74 How to investigate an accidents?
Injured persons name, address, designation age Exact place and types of hazards Date, shift, time To find out the causes/ reasons To take correction action Fact finding not fault finding
75 How to report an accident?
1. Date and time
2. Activity
3. What happened
4. Person involved
5. What went wrong
6. Causes
7. Corrective action suggested
8. Signature
9. Safety officer
10. Safety in charge
11. Project manager
76 What is accident prevention?
Accident prevention may be defined as an integrated programme and directed to control un safe mechanical or physical condition.
77 Role of management in industrial safety?
1. A written safety policy be issued by the management’s towards men, material and machines.
2. The safety policy should bring out the management’s towards men, material machine.3
3. The safety policy should be circulated to top, middle and to workers
4. Management meeting should be in a position
5. Management should arrange for safety inspection (once in 3 months) and safety audit ( once in year) to be carried out.
78 Give a brief note about safety policy ?
1. The safety and heath of all employees is one of prime concerned of the company.
2. Every company will be require to the policy both in letter and in spirit.
3. the company shall comply straightly with act, laws, rules and regulations
4. The company shall impart raining in health safety and occupational health to all employees.
5. The company will adopt own safety
and health standards where laws may not be available.
79 Safety in the use of hand trucks?
1. the truck should be inspected
2. The axles should be greased well
3. Safety shoes should be work by the operators.
4. The load should be balanced and the weight of the load should not fall on the axle
5. The hard cart should not be wider than the width of the hand truck.
6. The hard cart should be pushed and not pulled
7. The truck should not be placed on path ways.
80 How many types of safety?
There are three types of safety.
a. Plant safety
b. Workers safety
c. Consumer safety
81. Human factors causing accidents?
1. Carelessness
2. Fooling bout it
3. Hurrying to increase production
4. Laziness in house keeping
5. Hurrying in Lunchtime
6. Lack of attention due to worry
7. Alcohol and drugs
8. Lack of skill and experience
9. Not using PPE
82. How many steps in safety?
There are 4 steps in safety
1. Policy
2. Implementation
3. Take advantages of
factory act
4. Safe working conditions.
83. Write causes of accidents?
Direct cause: Unsafe act and unsafe condition. Indirect Cause:
1. Lack of knowledge or skill
2. improper attitude
3. Physical or mental deficiency
84. Give some examples about unsafe act?
1. Operating any equipment without properly authority
2. Failure to warning
3.Operating at unsafe speed
4. Failure to use PPE
5. Using hands instead o tools and equipment
6. Unsafe loading or placing or stacking
7. Unsafe position/ posture
8. Working on moving equipments
9. Wearing loose clothes while working on running machine
10. Working at height without safety belt
85. Give some examples about un safe conditions?
1. Un guarded machine/ equipment
2. Poor lighting
3. Narrow road
4. Improper stacking
5. Oil on floor
6. Unsafe ventilation
7. Unsafe defective construction
8. Defective condition of tools and equipment
9. Unsafe method or procedure
10. Bad housekeeping
86. Write about accident sequence?
A personal injury occurs only as the result of an accidents An accident occurs only as the result of a unsafe action or un safe mechanical or physical
conditions or both. Unsafe action or unsafe condition or mechanical or physical condition exist only because of faulting the part of persons. Fault of persons acquires from the environment and the causes for lack of knowledge or skills or improper attitude.
87. Write a brief about classification of fire?
They are mainly five types of fire. Class A Fire : Wood, paper, clothes, rubbers etc. Class B Fire : Oil, grease, paint, petroleum etc. Class C Fire: Acetylene, ethane, methane etc. Class D Fire: Sodium, magnesium, potassium etc. Class E Fire : Electrical equipment ete.
88. Write uses of extinguisher for purpose ?
1. Water type extinguisher – Class A fire (not be B & E) 2. Foam type extinguisher – Class B fire (S.B + A.S. = Co2)
3. Carbon dioxide extinguisher Class C Fire 4. DCP Extinguisher – Class C, D or E
89. What precaution are necessary for protect of fires?
1. Buildings and plants shall be so laid out and roads, passage ways etc.
2. Doors and windows shall be located in suitable positions on all external walls of the building.
3. Smoking lighting or carrying matches are to be prohibited
4. Gas cylinders should not be stored near high flammable substances
5. Flammable liquids shall be stored in suitable containers with close fitting covers.
6. In every factory has to suitable fire fighting equipment
7. All fire fighting equipment shall be subjected to routine maintenance inspection and testing by proper trained persons.
8. Sufficient number of persons shall be trained in the proper handling of fire fighting equipment.
90. Precaution for burn person?
1. It fire catches a single person’s cloth; he should immediately roll on the floor.
2. No lotion of any kind should be applied on the burn area
3. In case of burns due to corrosive chemicals, the burn parts should be flooded with water
4. The burn area should be covered with dry sterile dressing
5. Physical shock of the person is treated by giving him weak tea or coffee
6. In major cases the patient should be sent to hospital as quickly as possible
91. Factory act?
Sec.6′ Registration of a factory
Sec.’11 Cleanliness
Sec.’13’ Ventilation and temperature
Sec:17′ Lighting
Sec.’18,19′ Drinking water and sanitary
Sec.23′ Employment of young person on dangerous mechanical
Sec.’28’ Hoist and lifts
Sec.29′ Lifting machines and tackle
Sec.35′ protection of eyes
Sec.’36 Precaution against danger formes
Sec.’36(A)’ Use of portable electric light
Sec.’38’ Protection in case of fire
Sec. 40(A)’ Maintenance of building
Sec.40(B)’ Safety officers duty
Sec. 45 First aid boxes
Sec.’111 Obligation of workers
92. Personal protective equipments?
P.P.E 1. Head protection – Hard hat, cap, and helmet Made – aluminum, PVC, fiber glass, Plastic Protect heal, spark, danger materials
2. Face and eye protection – Spectacles, Welding goggles, face shield Protect flying particles, redation
3. Hand protection Gloves, hand pads Made – leather, rubber, PVC, asbestos Protect – acid, oil grease, pure Alex rubber gloves electrical
4. Foot and leg protection – Safety shoes, gum boots, foot les guard Made – Metal, leather, rubber Project – falling materials and electrical work
5. Body protection- Apron, hood, coverall, jacket Made rubber, leather canvas, lead, PVC asbestos Asbestos hood Fire fighting Rubber, PVC full suit -( corrosive ) liquid, fumes, vapour Safety belts – work exceeds 3 mts 6. Ear production – earmuff – noise -30 – 135DB 7. Ear plug – 115- 120 DB
93. What is safety management?
Safety management is an art and science of setting safety objectives of the Industrial company and related activities of planning, administration, Improving, Various functions to achieve the safety objectives.
94. What are the objectives of safety management?
1. Taking care of workers and staff in the event of an accident
2. Providing health full environment and surrounding
3. Welfare
4. Continuous vigil and improvement
95. How many types of PPE?
There are two types of PPE 1. Respiratory
2. Non respiratory Respiratory –
Air supplied – Air purified Air supplied – Compressed air breathing apparatus set Air purified – Cannisters gas mask– Chemical cartridges respirator — Surgical cotton mask Dust filter mask (dust respirator)
96. How many types work permit?
There are two types of work permit
1. Cold work permit
2. Hot work permit
The hot work permit further classified into 3 types Normal hot work permit Blanket hot work permit Delegate hot work permit
97. What is blanket permit?
A blanket permit is a permit issued on the basis of location where the multiple jobs are to be carried out at safe location.
98. What is delegated work permit?
Delegated work permit used for areas requiring light control. Ex: Fabrication, yards valid – 30 days
99. How many types of accidents?
There are 4 types of accidents
1. Near miss accident – escape
2. No lost time reported 48hrs. before
3. Los time – reported 48hrs. after
4. Fated – Death
100. Heinrich accident ratio?
Major injury Minor injury No injury Bird accident ratio? Serious Minor Property damage No visible injury.